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Improved man page

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Jesse Gardner 2021-07-15 19:47:59 -07:00
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man.md
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@ -12,19 +12,16 @@ SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
=========== ===========
**qq2clone** is a tool that uses libvirt to make creating clones of **qq2clone** is a tool for creating and managing clones of QEMU/KVM
template QEMU/KVM machines simple. By using the copy on write feature virtual machines. By using the copy on write feature of qcow2, clones of
for which qcow2 is named, clones of an existing virtual machine can be an existing virtual machine can be made using few system resources and
made without inadvertently altering the original image (with caveats - little time or effort.
read the **LIMITATIONS** section if you aren’t already familiar with how
copy on write works). **qq2clone** makes creating and managing these
clones simple and efficient.
**qq2clone** supports creating numerous clones of a template and **qq2clone** supports creating numerous clones of a template and
performing batch operations on them - including the execution of performing batch operations on them - including the execution of
arbitrary commands with exec. This simplifies workflows involving large arbitrary commands with **qq2clone** exec. This simplifies workflows
numbers of virtual machines, or the frequent creation/destruction of involving large numbers of virtual machines, or the frequent
virtual machines. creation/deletion of virtual machines.
To easily establish graphical connections to your virtual machines, To easily establish graphical connections to your virtual machines,
qq2clone can use virt-viewer or spicy. qq2clone can use virt-viewer or spicy.
@ -34,18 +31,17 @@ OPTIONS
Not every option has an effect in the context of every command. Not every option has an effect in the context of every command.
Specifying an option that has no effect in the context of the command Specifying an option that has no effect in the context of the command
being invoked will not produce an error, it simply will not do anything being invoked will not produce an error, it simply will not do anything.
Options are parsed left to right, and right-hand options override Options are parsed left to right, and right-hand options override
left-hand options. The only exception is for -Q/--quieter, which *must* left-hand options.
be the first option listed to work properly.
-c, --connection \[*URI*\] -c, --connection \[*URI*\]
Specify a non-default connection URI: sets the value of Specify a non-default connection URI: sets the value of
LIBVIRT\_DEFAULT\_URI LIBVIRT\_DEFAULT\_URI
-C, --copy-disks -C, --copy-disks
When importing or copying a template, make a (full) copy of images When importing or copying a template, make a (full) copy of its image(s)
-f, --no-spice -f, --no-spice
Do not attempt to connect to a virtual machine’s Spice graphics. Do not attempt to connect to a virtual machine’s Spice graphics.
@ -70,17 +66,15 @@ command. Recommended only once familiar with the behavior of
**qq2clone** **qq2clone**
-Q, --quieter -Q, --quieter
This option is (currently) required to appear immediately following the This option is (currently) required to appear as the first argument to
invocation of **qq2clone**. Suppresses all output, error message or **qq2clone**. Suppresses all output, error message or otherwise, except
otherwise, except when running interactive commands or commands that when running interactive commands or commands that require output to be
require output to be useful. The commands for which output is not useful. Other commands will receive only an exit code as output. This
entirely supressed are: config list, config info, list, list-templates, option is intended for calling qq2clone from a script.
exec, edit, modify-template edit, and check. Other commands will receive
only an exit code as output. This option is intended for calling
qq2clone from a script.
-r, --run -r, --run
Run a clone when creating it. Overrides NORUN setting in configuration Start a clone after creating it. Overrides NORUN setting in
configuration
-s, --storage \[*LOCATION*\] -s, --storage \[*LOCATION*\]
When creating a clone, place new disk image file(s) at location When creating a clone, place new disk image file(s) at location
@ -110,10 +104,9 @@ TYPES OF COMMAND
There are two main classes of commands: commands that operate directly There are two main classes of commands: commands that operate directly
on templates, and commands that create or operate on clones of on templates, and commands that create or operate on clones of
templates. In order to make it less likely that the user may templates. To prevent unintended actions, these two command types use
unintentionally invoke a command of one class when they intended to slightly different syntax. Commands that operate on templates use the
invoke one of the other, they use a different syntax. Commands that syntax:
operate on templates use the syntax:
**qq2clone** **command** \[*template-name*\] \[*ARG*\] … **qq2clone** **command** \[*template-name*\] \[*ARG*\] …
@ -121,15 +114,15 @@ while commands that operate on clones use the syntax:
**qq2clone** --template \[*template-name*\] **command** \[*ARG*\] … **qq2clone** --template \[*template-name*\] **command** \[*ARG*\] …
Notice that commands operating on clones work within the context of a Commands operating on clones work within the context of a template
template defined by the option --template/-t. Conversely, commands defined by --template/-t. Conversely, commands operating on templates
operating on templates specify the template as an argument to the specify the template as an argument to the command.
command. There can also be a default template defined by the TEMPLATE
configuration option, allowing the --template flag to be omitted for A default template can be defined by the TEMPLATE configuration option,
commands that operate on clones. Commands operating on templates do not allowing the --template flag to be omitted for commands that operate on
respect this default - the template must always be explicitly defined, clones. Commands operating on templates do not respect this default -
further reducing the likelihood of accidentally modifying or deleting a the template must always be explicitly defined, reducing the likelihood
template. of accidentally modifying or deleting a template.
TEMPLATE COMMMANDS TEMPLATE COMMMANDS
================== ==================
@ -220,10 +213,9 @@ For every machine in *SET*, sequentially, execute the contents of the
command string in an environment where the following variables are command string in an environment where the following variables are
defined per clone: `"$uuid"`, `"$name"`, `"$disks"` (a newline delimited defined per clone: `"$uuid"`, `"$name"`, `"$disks"` (a newline delimited
string containing the machine’s qcow2 disk device filepaths). This is string containing the machine’s qcow2 disk device filepaths). This is
done using bash’s eval command, so be sure to put any instances of these done using bash’s eval command, so contain the command string in single
variables in single quotes (double quotes inside the single quotes is quotes to avoid unexpected behavior. If any instance of exec has a
best practice) or they will not be set properly. If any instance of exec non-zero return value, execution stops.
has a non-zero return value, execution stops.
**list** \[*ARG*\] **list** \[*ARG*\]
Without arguments, list all clones of the current template and their Without arguments, list all clones of the current template and their
@ -265,13 +257,13 @@ OTHER COMMANDS
============== ==============
**check** \[*TEMPLATE-NAME*\] **check** \[*TEMPLATE-NAME*\]
As described in the limitations section, there are ways that qq2clone If a clone is deleted, has its UUID changed or is otherwise unavailable,
can lose track of a clone. If this happens, it will remain in qq2clone’s it will remain in qq2clone’s database. Its ID number will remain
database, its ID number will remain reserved, and its image files may reserved, and its image files may not be deleted and take up space doing
not be deleted and take up space doing nothing. The **check** command nothing. The **check** command finds and fixes occurences of this
finds and fixes occurences of this problem. The *TEMPLATE-NAME* argument problem. The *TEMPLATE-NAME* argument is optional, and restricts the
is optional, and restricts the check to that template and its clones. check to that template and its clones. Otherwise, all templates are
Otherwise, all templates are checked checked
**config** list, **config** info \[*OPTION*\], **config** edit \[*OPTION*\] **config** list, **config** info \[*OPTION*\], **config** edit \[*OPTION*\]
List all configuration options and their current value, get info about a List all configuration options and their current value, get info about a
@ -415,48 +407,18 @@ backing storage device that you can edit as you please
LIMITATIONS LIMITATIONS
=========== ===========
The largest limitation of **qq2clone** is that it cannot protect your Understand what copy on write is. If you modify an image, you will
template images from the actions of other software. If nothing else corrupt images using it as a backing file. If you don’t understand what
touches a template’s storage volumes, qq2clone can safely handle them that means, use a search engine to research copy on write. To safely
(barring unknown bugs or bad luck during a commit-image). However, if modify a template’s underlying image, use the prepare-image and
something else alters the image upon which a template is based, its commit-image subcommands of **qq2clone** modify-template.
existing clones may be corrupted and future clones may behave
differently than expected. It is the user’s responsibility to understand
this aspect of copy on write and carefully manage template images.
Future updates to qq2clone may add features that give some additional
protections, but this risk is inherent to copy on write.
Libvirt has permissions errors when a storage pool is in a “hidden” qq2clone uses a virtual machine’s UUID as defined in its libvirt XML
directory with a name beginning with “.” and qcow2 files with backing file to track it. Don’t change a clone’s UUID.
files are involved. This may be due to apparmor, or it may be an issue
with libvirt. It is unknown how widespread this issue is, but it is the
reason that the default directory storage-qq2clone does not start with
‘.’
If the UUID of a clone is changed, qq2clone will no longer be able to qq2clone does not support pool types other than directories. If there is
track it and will not be able to perform commands on it anymore. This another pool type you wish it could use, email me at
will be addressed in the future using custom metadata in the libvirt jgardner7289@protonmail.com and let me know.
domain XML. If the user undefines a domain, this will obviously cause it
to disappear from qq2clone’s perspective when it is turned off, creating
a discrepancy in its database. This can be fixed with **qq2clone**
**check**.
qq2clone can only produce clones by making qcow2 image files. The
backing file need not be qcow2, but the images produced by qq2clone
always will be. This is unlikely to ever change - levaraging the
features of qcow2 is the entire purpose of qq2clone. If it does change,
qq2clone will need a new name.
qq2clone does not support creating images in pool types other than
directories, and attempting to use a machine as a template when it has
storage volumes in a non-directory pool is likely to fail or have
unexpected results. Support for some other pool types may be added in
the future.
qq2clone currently cannot copy storage volumes when importing a template
(it just references the originals), or when copying a template. This
will change in the future, and qq2clone will also be able to handle more
complex relationships between templates, clones and their images
FILES FILES
===== =====
@ -493,19 +455,9 @@ manually, but it is more advisable to use **qq2clone**
BUGS BUGS
==== ====
As described in the options section, the implementation of the If you find a bug, please check to see if it already appears in
--quieter/-Q option needs some work. Its current behavior is the easiest https://git.j-g-web.com/jesse/qq2clone/issues. If not, email me at
functional approach without complicating the options parser, but it will jgardner7289@protonmail.com.
eventually be modified and become better behaved. In addition to the
previously described problem, very early error messages will not be
suppressed. Most likely, the solution is to implement a better options
parser and make it the first thing to run when executing qq2clone.
However, the impact of this bug is minimal and other improvements are
likely to come before this bug fix.
If you find any worse bugs, and I’m sure I missed some, please let me
know and I will fix them as time allows. Contact me at:
jgardner7289@protonmail.com
COPYRIGHT 2021, Jesse Gardner COPYRIGHT 2021, Jesse Gardner
============================= =============================

132
man.pandoc
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@ -10,18 +10,16 @@ qq2clone - Create and manage QEMU/KVM VMs using template machines and qcow2
**qq2clone** [*OPTION*]... *COMMAND* [*ARG*]... **qq2clone** [*OPTION*]... *COMMAND* [*ARG*]...
# DESCRIPTION # DESCRIPTION
**qq2clone** is a tool that uses libvirt to make creating clones **qq2clone** is a tool for creating and managing clones of QEMU/KVM
of template QEMU/KVM machines simple. By using the copy on write feature virtual machines. By using the copy on write feature of qcow2, clones of
for which qcow2 is named, clones of an existing virtual machine can be made an existing virtual machine can be made using few system resources and
without inadvertently altering the original image (with caveats - read the little time or effort.
**LIMITATIONS** section if you aren't already familiar with how copy on
write works). **qq2clone** makes creating and managing these clones simple
and efficient.
**qq2clone** supports creating numerous clones of a template and **qq2clone** supports creating numerous clones of a template and
performing batch operations on them - including the execution of arbitrary performing batch operations on them - including the execution of arbitrary
commands with exec. This simplifies workflows involving large numbers of commands with **qq2clone** exec. This simplifies workflows involving large
virtual machines, or the frequent creation/destruction of virtual machines. numbers of virtual machines, or the frequent creation/deletion of virtual
machines.
To easily establish graphical connections to your virtual machines, qq2clone To easily establish graphical connections to your virtual machines, qq2clone
can use virt-viewer or spicy. can use virt-viewer or spicy.
@ -30,18 +28,17 @@ can use virt-viewer or spicy.
Not every option has an effect in the context of every command. Specifying Not every option has an effect in the context of every command. Specifying
an option that has no effect in the context of the command being invoked an option that has no effect in the context of the command being invoked
will not produce an error, it simply will not do anything will not produce an error, it simply will not do anything.
Options are parsed left to right, and right-hand options override Options are parsed left to right, and right-hand options override
left-hand options. The only exception is for \-Q/\-\-quieter, which *must* left-hand options.
be the first option listed to work properly.
\-c, \-\-connection [*URI*] \-c, \-\-connection [*URI*]
: Specify a non-default connection URI: sets the value of : Specify a non-default connection URI: sets the value of
LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI
\-C, \-\-copy\-disks \-C, \-\-copy\-disks
: When importing or copying a template, make a (full) copy of images : When importing or copying a template, make a (full) copy of its image(s)
\-f, \-\-no\-spice \-f, \-\-no\-spice
: Do not attempt to connect to a virtual machine's Spice graphics. : Do not attempt to connect to a virtual machine's Spice graphics.
@ -65,17 +62,15 @@ exiting with an error or making a safe default choice depending on the
command. Recommended only once familiar with the behavior of **qq2clone** command. Recommended only once familiar with the behavior of **qq2clone**
\-Q, \-\-quieter \-Q, \-\-quieter
: This option is (currently) required to appear immediately following the : This option is (currently) required to appear as the first
invocation of **qq2clone**. Suppresses all output, error message or argument to **qq2clone**. Suppresses all output, error message or
otherwise, except when running interactive commands or otherwise, except when running interactive commands or
commands that require output to be useful. The commands for which output commands that require output to be useful. Other
is not entirely supressed are: config list, config info, list,
list-templates, exec, edit, modify-template edit, and check. Other
commands will receive only an exit code as output. This option is intended commands will receive only an exit code as output. This option is intended
for calling qq2clone from a script. for calling qq2clone from a script.
\-r, \-\-run \-r, \-\-run
: Run a clone when creating it. Overrides NORUN setting in configuration : Start a clone after creating it. Overrides NORUN setting in configuration
\-s, \-\-storage [*LOCATION*] \-s, \-\-storage [*LOCATION*]
: When creating a clone, place new disk image file(s) at location : When creating a clone, place new disk image file(s) at location
@ -103,10 +98,9 @@ of a clone. Overrides SPICY setting in configuration
# TYPES OF COMMAND # TYPES OF COMMAND
There are two main classes of commands: commands that operate directly on There are two main classes of commands: commands that operate directly on
templates, and commands that create or operate on clones of templates. In templates, and commands that create or operate on clones of templates. To
order to make it less likely that the user may unintentionally invoke a prevent unintended actions, these two command types use slightly
command of one class when they intended to invoke one of the other, they different syntax. Commands that operate on templates use the syntax:
use a different syntax. Commands that operate on templates use the syntax:
**qq2clone** **command** [*template-name*] [*ARG*] ... **qq2clone** **command** [*template-name*] [*ARG*] ...
@ -115,14 +109,16 @@ while commands that operate on clones use the syntax:
**qq2clone** \-\-template [*template-name*] **command** [*ARG*] ... **qq2clone** \-\-template [*template-name*] **command** [*ARG*] ...
Notice that commands operating on clones work within the context of a Commands operating on clones work within the context of a
template defined by the option \-\-template/\-t. Conversely, commands template defined by \-\-template/\-t. Conversely, commands
operating on templates specify the template as an argument to the operating on templates specify the template as an argument to the
command. There can also be a default template defined by the command.
A default template can be defined by the
TEMPLATE configuration option, allowing the \-\-template TEMPLATE configuration option, allowing the \-\-template
flag to be omitted for commands that operate on clones. Commands flag to be omitted for commands that operate on clones. Commands
operating on templates do not respect this default - the template must operating on templates do not respect this default - the template must
always be explicitly defined, further reducing the likelihood of always be explicitly defined, reducing the likelihood of
accidentally modifying or deleting a template. accidentally modifying or deleting a template.
# TEMPLATE COMMMANDS # TEMPLATE COMMMANDS
@ -212,9 +208,8 @@ the domain is running forcibly turn it off)
command string in an environment where the following variables are defined command string in an environment where the following variables are defined
per clone: `"$uuid"`, `"$name"`, `"$disks"` (a newline delimited string per clone: `"$uuid"`, `"$name"`, `"$disks"` (a newline delimited string
containing the machine's qcow2 disk device filepaths). This is done using containing the machine's qcow2 disk device filepaths). This is done using
bash's eval command, so be sure to put any instances of these variables in bash's eval command, so contain the command string in single quotes to
single quotes (double quotes inside the single quotes is best practice) or avoid unexpected behavior. If any instance of exec has a non-zero
they will not be set properly. If any instance of exec has a non-zero
return value, execution stops. return value, execution stops.
**list** [*ARG*] **list** [*ARG*]
@ -256,13 +251,12 @@ domains, their state will be restored
# OTHER COMMANDS # OTHER COMMANDS
**check** [*TEMPLATE-NAME*] **check** [*TEMPLATE-NAME*]
: As described in the limitations section, there are ways that qq2clone : If a clone is deleted, has its UUID changed or is otherwise unavailable,
can lose track of a clone. If this happens, it will remain in qq2clone's it will remain in qq2clone's database. Its ID number will remain
database, its ID number will remain reserved, and its image files may not reserved, and its image files may not be deleted and take up space doing
be deleted and take up space doing nothing. The **check** command nothing. The **check** command finds and fixes occurences of this problem.
finds and fixes occurences of this problem. The *TEMPLATE-NAME* argument is The *TEMPLATE-NAME* argument is optional, and restricts the check to that
optional, and restricts the check to that template and its clones. template and its clones. Otherwise, all templates are checked
Otherwise, all templates are checked
**config** list, **config** info [*OPTION*], **config** edit [*OPTION*] **config** list, **config** info [*OPTION*], **config** edit [*OPTION*]
: List all configuration options and their current value, get info about a : List all configuration options and their current value, get info about a
@ -401,46 +395,18 @@ backing storage device that you can edit as you please
# LIMITATIONS # LIMITATIONS
The largest limitation of **qq2clone** is that it cannot protect your Understand what copy on write is. If you modify an image, you will
template images from the actions of other software. If nothing else corrupt images using it as a backing file. If you don't understand what
touches a template's storage volumes, qq2clone can safely handle them that means, use a search engine to research copy on write. To safely modify
(barring unknown bugs or bad luck during a commit-image). However, a template's underlying image, use the prepare-image and commit-image
if something else alters the image upon which a template is based, its subcommands of **qq2clone** modify-template.
existing clones may be corrupted and future clones may behave differently
than expected. It is the user's responsibility to understand this aspect
of copy on write and carefully manage template images. Future updates to
qq2clone may add features that give some additional protections, but this
risk is inherent to copy on write.
Libvirt has permissions errors when a storage pool is in a "hidden" qq2clone uses a virtual machine's UUID as defined in its libvirt XML
directory with a name beginning with "." and qcow2 files with backing files file to track it. Don't change a clone's UUID.
are involved. This may be due to apparmor, or it may be an issue with
libvirt. It is unknown how widespread this issue is, but it is the reason
that the default directory storage-qq2clone does not start with '.'
If the UUID of a clone is changed, qq2clone will no longer be able to qq2clone does not support pool types other than directories. If there is
track it and will not be able to perform commands on it anymore. This will another pool type you wish it could use, email me at
be addressed in the future using custom metadata in the libvirt domain jgardner7289@protonmail.com and let me know.
XML. If the user undefines a domain, this will obviously cause it to
disappear from qq2clone's perspective when it is turned off, creating a
discrepancy in its database. This can be fixed with **qq2clone** **check**.
qq2clone can only produce clones by making qcow2 image files. The backing
file need not be qcow2, but the images produced by qq2clone always will
be. This is unlikely to ever change - levaraging the features of qcow2 is
the entire purpose of qq2clone. If it does change, qq2clone will need a
new name.
qq2clone does not support creating images in pool types other than
directories, and attempting to use a machine as a template when it has
storage volumes in a non-directory pool is likely to fail or have
unexpected results. Support for some other pool types may be added in the
future.
qq2clone currently cannot copy storage volumes when importing a template
(it just references the originals), or when copying a template. This will
change in the future, and qq2clone will also be able to handle more complex
relationships between templates, clones and their images
# FILES # FILES
@ -479,19 +445,9 @@ manually, but it is more advisable to use **qq2clone** **modify-template**
# BUGS # BUGS
As described in the options section, the implementation of the If you find a bug, please check to see if it already appears in
\-\-quieter/\-Q option needs some work. Its current behavior is the https://git.j-g-web.com/jesse/qq2clone/issues. If not, email me at
easiest functional approach without complicating the options parser, but it jgardner7289@protonmail.com.
will eventually be modified and become better behaved. In addition to the
previously described problem, very early error messages will not be
suppressed. Most likely, the solution is to implement a better options
parser and make it the first thing to run when executing qq2clone. However,
the impact of this bug is minimal and other improvements are likely to
come before this bug fix.
If you find any worse bugs, and I'm sure I missed some, please let me know
and I will fix them as time allows. Contact me at:
jgardner7289@protonmail.com
# COPYRIGHT 2021, Jesse Gardner # COPYRIGHT 2021, Jesse Gardner

424
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@ -3214,219 +3214,219 @@ return 0
# ENTRY POINT, at the bottom of this file # ENTRY POINT, at the bottom of this file
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' '
#-----------------# #-----------------#

143
qq2clone.1
View File

@ -12,21 +12,17 @@ qcow2 images with backing files
[\f[I]ARG\f[R]]\&... [\f[I]ARG\f[R]]\&...
.SH DESCRIPTION .SH DESCRIPTION
.PP .PP
\f[B]qq2clone\f[R] is a tool that uses libvirt to make creating clones \f[B]qq2clone\f[R] is a tool for creating and managing clones of
of template QEMU/KVM machines simple. QEMU/KVM virtual machines.
By using the copy on write feature for which qcow2 is named, clones of By using the copy on write feature of qcow2, clones of an existing
an existing virtual machine can be made without inadvertently altering virtual machine can be made using few system resources and little time
the original image (with caveats \- read the \f[B]LIMITATIONS\f[R] or effort.
section if you aren\[cq]t already familiar with how copy on write
works).
\f[B]qq2clone\f[R] makes creating and managing these clones simple and
efficient.
.PP .PP
\f[B]qq2clone\f[R] supports creating numerous clones of a template and \f[B]qq2clone\f[R] supports creating numerous clones of a template and
performing batch operations on them \- including the execution of performing batch operations on them \- including the execution of
arbitrary commands with exec. arbitrary commands with \f[B]qq2clone\f[R] exec.
This simplifies workflows involving large numbers of virtual machines, This simplifies workflows involving large numbers of virtual machines,
or the frequent creation/destruction of virtual machines. or the frequent creation/deletion of virtual machines.
.PP .PP
To easily establish graphical connections to your virtual machines, To easily establish graphical connections to your virtual machines,
qq2clone can use virt\-viewer or spicy. qq2clone can use virt\-viewer or spicy.
@ -34,19 +30,17 @@ qq2clone can use virt\-viewer or spicy.
.PP .PP
Not every option has an effect in the context of every command. Not every option has an effect in the context of every command.
Specifying an option that has no effect in the context of the command Specifying an option that has no effect in the context of the command
being invoked will not produce an error, it simply will not do anything being invoked will not produce an error, it simply will not do anything.
.PP .PP
Options are parsed left to right, and right\-hand options override Options are parsed left to right, and right\-hand options override
left\-hand options. left\-hand options.
The only exception is for \-Q/\-\-quieter, which \f[I]must\f[R] be the
first option listed to work properly.
.TP .TP
.B \-c, \-\-connection [\f[I]URI\f[R]] .B \-c, \-\-connection [\f[I]URI\f[R]]
Specify a non\-default connection URI: sets the value of Specify a non\-default connection URI: sets the value of
LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI
.TP .TP
.B \-C, \-\-copy\-disks .B \-C, \-\-copy\-disks
When importing or copying a template, make a (full) copy of images When importing or copying a template, make a (full) copy of its image(s)
.TP .TP
.B \-f, \-\-no\-spice .B \-f, \-\-no\-spice
Do not attempt to connect to a virtual machine\[cq]s Spice graphics. Do not attempt to connect to a virtual machine\[cq]s Spice graphics.
@ -71,18 +65,15 @@ error or making a safe default choice depending on the command.
Recommended only once familiar with the behavior of \f[B]qq2clone\f[R] Recommended only once familiar with the behavior of \f[B]qq2clone\f[R]
.TP .TP
.B \-Q, \-\-quieter .B \-Q, \-\-quieter
This option is (currently) required to appear immediately following the This option is (currently) required to appear as the first argument to
invocation of \f[B]qq2clone\f[R]. \f[B]qq2clone\f[R].
Suppresses all output, error message or otherwise, except when running Suppresses all output, error message or otherwise, except when running
interactive commands or commands that require output to be useful. interactive commands or commands that require output to be useful.
The commands for which output is not entirely supressed are: config
list, config info, list, list\-templates, exec, edit, modify\-template
edit, and check.
Other commands will receive only an exit code as output. Other commands will receive only an exit code as output.
This option is intended for calling qq2clone from a script. This option is intended for calling qq2clone from a script.
.TP .TP
.B \-r, \-\-run .B \-r, \-\-run
Run a clone when creating it. Start a clone after creating it.
Overrides NORUN setting in configuration Overrides NORUN setting in configuration
.TP .TP
.B \-s, \-\-storage [\f[I]LOCATION\f[R]] .B \-s, \-\-storage [\f[I]LOCATION\f[R]]
@ -117,9 +108,8 @@ Overrides SPICY setting in configuration
There are two main classes of commands: commands that operate directly There are two main classes of commands: commands that operate directly
on templates, and commands that create or operate on clones of on templates, and commands that create or operate on clones of
templates. templates.
In order to make it less likely that the user may unintentionally invoke To prevent unintended actions, these two command types use slightly
a command of one class when they intended to invoke one of the other, different syntax.
they use a different syntax.
Commands that operate on templates use the syntax: Commands that operate on templates use the syntax:
.PP .PP
\f[B]qq2clone\f[R] \f[B]command\f[R] [\f[I]template\-name\f[R]] \f[B]qq2clone\f[R] \f[B]command\f[R] [\f[I]template\-name\f[R]]
@ -130,16 +120,17 @@ while commands that operate on clones use the syntax:
\f[B]qq2clone\f[R] \-\-template [\f[I]template\-name\f[R]] \f[B]qq2clone\f[R] \-\-template [\f[I]template\-name\f[R]]
\f[B]command\f[R] [\f[I]ARG\f[R]] \&... \f[B]command\f[R] [\f[I]ARG\f[R]] \&...
.PP .PP
Notice that commands operating on clones work within the context of a Commands operating on clones work within the context of a template
template defined by the option \-\-template/\-t. defined by \-\-template/\-t.
Conversely, commands operating on templates specify the template as an Conversely, commands operating on templates specify the template as an
argument to the command. argument to the command.
There can also be a default template defined by the TEMPLATE .PP
configuration option, allowing the \-\-template flag to be omitted for A default template can be defined by the TEMPLATE configuration option,
commands that operate on clones. allowing the \-\-template flag to be omitted for commands that operate
on clones.
Commands operating on templates do not respect this default \- the Commands operating on templates do not respect this default \- the
template must always be explicitly defined, further reducing the template must always be explicitly defined, reducing the likelihood of
likelihood of accidentally modifying or deleting a template. accidentally modifying or deleting a template.
.SH TEMPLATE COMMMANDS .SH TEMPLATE COMMMANDS
.TP .TP
.B \f[B]copy\-template\f[R] [\f[I]CURRENT\-NAME\f[R]] [\f[I]NEW\-NAME\f[R]] .B \f[B]copy\-template\f[R] [\f[I]CURRENT\-NAME\f[R]] [\f[I]NEW\-NAME\f[R]]
@ -236,9 +227,8 @@ are defined per clone: \f[C]\[dq]$uuid\[dq]\f[R],
\f[C]\[dq]$name\[dq]\f[R], \f[C]\[dq]$disks\[dq]\f[R] (a newline \f[C]\[dq]$name\[dq]\f[R], \f[C]\[dq]$disks\[dq]\f[R] (a newline
delimited string containing the machine\[cq]s qcow2 disk device delimited string containing the machine\[cq]s qcow2 disk device
filepaths). filepaths).
This is done using bash\[cq]s eval command, so be sure to put any This is done using bash\[cq]s eval command, so contain the command
instances of these variables in single quotes (double quotes inside the string in single quotes to avoid unexpected behavior.
single quotes is best practice) or they will not be set properly.
If any instance of exec has a non\-zero return value, execution stops. If any instance of exec has a non\-zero return value, execution stops.
.TP .TP
.B \f[B]list\f[R] [\f[I]ARG\f[R]] .B \f[B]list\f[R] [\f[I]ARG\f[R]]
@ -281,11 +271,10 @@ Suspend execution of every machine in \f[I]SET\f[R]
.SH OTHER COMMANDS .SH OTHER COMMANDS
.TP .TP
.B \f[B]check\f[R] [\f[I]TEMPLATE\-NAME\f[R]] .B \f[B]check\f[R] [\f[I]TEMPLATE\-NAME\f[R]]
As described in the limitations section, there are ways that qq2clone If a clone is deleted, has its UUID changed or is otherwise unavailable,
can lose track of a clone. it will remain in qq2clone\[cq]s database.
If this happens, it will remain in qq2clone\[cq]s database, its ID Its ID number will remain reserved, and its image files may not be
number will remain reserved, and its image files may not be deleted and deleted and take up space doing nothing.
take up space doing nothing.
The \f[B]check\f[R] command finds and fixes occurences of this problem. The \f[B]check\f[R] command finds and fixes occurences of this problem.
The \f[I]TEMPLATE\-NAME\f[R] argument is optional, and restricts the The \f[I]TEMPLATE\-NAME\f[R] argument is optional, and restricts the
check to that template and its clones. check to that template and its clones.
@ -462,52 +451,22 @@ Copy the XML of template Debian, creating a new template with the same
backing storage device that you can edit as you please backing storage device that you can edit as you please
.SH LIMITATIONS .SH LIMITATIONS
.PP .PP
The largest limitation of \f[B]qq2clone\f[R] is that it cannot protect Understand what copy on write is.
your template images from the actions of other software. If you modify an image, you will corrupt images using it as a backing
If nothing else touches a template\[cq]s storage volumes, qq2clone can file.
safely handle them (barring unknown bugs or bad luck during a If you don\[cq]t understand what that means, use a search engine to
commit\-image). research copy on write.
However, if something else alters the image upon which a template is To safely modify a template\[cq]s underlying image, use the
based, its existing clones may be corrupted and future clones may behave prepare\-image and commit\-image subcommands of \f[B]qq2clone\f[R]
differently than expected. modify\-template.
It is the user\[cq]s responsibility to understand this aspect of copy on
write and carefully manage template images.
Future updates to qq2clone may add features that give some additional
protections, but this risk is inherent to copy on write.
.PP .PP
Libvirt has permissions errors when a storage pool is in a qq2clone uses a virtual machine\[cq]s UUID as defined in its libvirt XML
\[lq]hidden\[rq] directory with a name beginning with \[lq].\[rq] and file to track it.
qcow2 files with backing files are involved. Don\[cq]t change a clone\[cq]s UUID.
This may be due to apparmor, or it may be an issue with libvirt.
It is unknown how widespread this issue is, but it is the reason that
the default directory storage\-qq2clone does not start with `.'
.PP .PP
If the UUID of a clone is changed, qq2clone will no longer be able to qq2clone does not support pool types other than directories.
track it and will not be able to perform commands on it anymore. If there is another pool type you wish it could use, email me at
This will be addressed in the future using custom metadata in the jgardner7289\[at]protonmail.com and let me know.
libvirt domain XML.
If the user undefines a domain, this will obviously cause it to
disappear from qq2clone\[cq]s perspective when it is turned off,
creating a discrepancy in its database.
This can be fixed with \f[B]qq2clone\f[R] \f[B]check\f[R].
.PP
qq2clone can only produce clones by making qcow2 image files.
The backing file need not be qcow2, but the images produced by qq2clone
always will be.
This is unlikely to ever change \- levaraging the features of qcow2 is
the entire purpose of qq2clone.
If it does change, qq2clone will need a new name.
.PP
qq2clone does not support creating images in pool types other than
directories, and attempting to use a machine as a template when it has
storage volumes in a non\-directory pool is likely to fail or have
unexpected results.
Support for some other pool types may be added in the future.
.PP
qq2clone currently cannot copy storage volumes when importing a template
(it just references the originals), or when copying a template.
This will change in the future, and qq2clone will also be able to handle
more complex relationships between templates, clones and their images
.SH FILES .SH FILES
.TP .TP
.B \[ti]/.config/qq2clone .B \[ti]/.config/qq2clone
@ -544,21 +503,9 @@ These can be edited manually, but it is more advisable to use
\f[B]edit\f[R] \f[B]edit\f[R]
.SH BUGS .SH BUGS
.PP .PP
As described in the options section, the implementation of the If you find a bug, please check to see if it already appears in
\-\-quieter/\-Q option needs some work. https://git.j\-g\-web.com/jesse/qq2clone/issues.
Its current behavior is the easiest functional approach without If not, email me at jgardner7289\[at]protonmail.com.
complicating the options parser, but it will eventually be modified and
become better behaved.
In addition to the previously described problem, very early error
messages will not be suppressed.
Most likely, the solution is to implement a better options parser and
make it the first thing to run when executing qq2clone.
However, the impact of this bug is minimal and other improvements are
likely to come before this bug fix.
.PP
If you find any worse bugs, and I\[cq]m sure I missed some, please let
me know and I will fix them as time allows.
Contact me at: jgardner7289\[at]protonmail.com
.SH COPYRIGHT 2021, Jesse Gardner .SH COPYRIGHT 2021, Jesse Gardner
.PP .PP
This file is part of qq2clone. This file is part of qq2clone.

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qq2clone_installer.bash
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